32 Ge 72.631

Germanium

metalloid

Properties

Atomic number
32
Atomic mass
72.631 u
Category
metalloid
Group
14
Period
4
Block
p-block
State (room temp)
Solid
Outer-shell electrons
4
Electronegativity
2.01 (Pauling)
Density
5.323 g/cm³
Melting point
938.25 °C
Boiling point
2832.85 °C

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p²

Noble-gas shorthand: [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p²

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 4, which is 4 in the outermost shell.

Related: electron configuration, the Bohr model, valence electrons.

Ge
Bohr model; outer-shell electrons in blue

About Germanium

Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbors tin and silicon. Purified germanium is a semiconductor, with an appearance most similar to elemental silicon.

Germanium: frequently asked questions

What is Germanium?
Germanium (Ge) is the chemical element with atomic number 32. It is a metalloid, with properties between metals and nonmetals.
What is the atomic number of Germanium?
Germanium's atomic number is 32, which means every Germanium atom has 32 protons in its nucleus.
What is the electron configuration of Germanium?
The electron configuration of Germanium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 (noble-gas shorthand: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2). Its electrons are arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 4, with 4 in the outermost shell.
Is Germanium a metal or a nonmetal?
Germanium is a metalloid, with properties between metals and nonmetals.
What group and period is Germanium in?
Germanium is in group 14 and period 4 of the periodic table.
Is Germanium a solid, liquid, or gas?
At room temperature, Germanium is a solid.

Position in the periodic table

Open the interactive periodic table →

Data compiled from Wikipedia, PubChem, and IUPAC. Source.