72 Hf 178.492
Hafnium
transition metal
Properties
- Atomic number
- 72
- Atomic mass
- 178.492 u
- Category
- transition metal
- Group
- 4
- Period
- 6
- Block
- d-block
- State (room temp)
- Solid
- Outer-shell electrons
- 2
- Electronegativity
- 1.3 (Pauling)
- Density
- 13.31 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 2232.85 °C
- Boiling point
- 4602.85 °C
Electron configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d²
Noble-gas shorthand: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s²
Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2, which is 2 in the outermost shell.
Related: electron configuration, the Bohr model, valence electrons.
About Hafnium
Hafnium is a chemical element with symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, though it was not identified until 1923, making it the penultimate stable element to be discovered (rhenium was identified two years later).
- Discovered by Dirk Coster
- Appearance: steel gray
Hafnium: frequently asked questions
- What is Hafnium?
- Hafnium (Hf) is the chemical element with atomic number 72. It is a metal: specifically a transition metal.
- What is the atomic number of Hafnium?
- Hafnium's atomic number is 72, which means every Hafnium atom has 72 protons in its nucleus.
- What is the electron configuration of Hafnium?
- The electron configuration of Hafnium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d2 (noble-gas shorthand: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2). Its electrons are arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2, with 2 in the outermost shell.
- Is Hafnium a metal or a nonmetal?
- Hafnium is a metal: specifically a transition metal.
- What group and period is Hafnium in?
- Hafnium is in group 4 and period 6 of the periodic table.
- Is Hafnium a solid, liquid, or gas?
- At room temperature, Hafnium is a solid.
Position in the periodic table
Data compiled from Wikipedia, PubChem, and IUPAC. Source.