41 Nb 92.906

Niobium

transition metal

Properties

Atomic number
41
Atomic mass
92.906 u
Category
transition metal
Group
5
Period
5
Block
d-block
State (room temp)
Solid
Outer-shell electrons
1
Electronegativity
1.6 (Pauling)
Density
8.57 g/cm³
Melting point
2476.85 °C
Boiling point
4743.85 °C

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁴

Noble-gas shorthand: [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 12, 1, which is 1 in the outermost shell.

Related: electron configuration, the Bohr model, valence electrons.

Nb
Bohr model; outer-shell electrons in blue

About Niobium

Niobium, formerly columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, which is often found in the pyrochlore mineral, the main commercial source for niobium, and columbite. The name comes from Greek mythology:Niobe, daughter of Tantalus since it is so similar to tantalum.

Niobium: frequently asked questions

What is Niobium?
Niobium (Nb) is the chemical element with atomic number 41. It is a metal: specifically a transition metal.
What is the atomic number of Niobium?
Niobium's atomic number is 41, which means every Niobium atom has 41 protons in its nucleus.
What is the electron configuration of Niobium?
The electron configuration of Niobium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s1 4d4 (noble-gas shorthand: [Kr] 4d4 5s1). Its electrons are arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 12, 1, with 1 in the outermost shell.
Is Niobium a metal or a nonmetal?
Niobium is a metal: specifically a transition metal.
What group and period is Niobium in?
Niobium is in group 5 and period 5 of the periodic table.
Is Niobium a solid, liquid, or gas?
At room temperature, Niobium is a solid.

Position in the periodic table

Open the interactive periodic table →

Data compiled from Wikipedia, PubChem, and IUPAC. Source.