14 Si 28.085

Silicon

metalloid

Properties

Atomic number
14
Atomic mass
28.085 u
Category
metalloid
Group
14
Period
3
Block
p-block
State (room temp)
Solid
Outer-shell electrons
4
Electronegativity
1.9 (Pauling)
Density
2.329 g/cm³
Melting point
1413.85 °C
Boiling point
3264.85 °C

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²

Noble-gas shorthand: [Ne] 3s² 3p²

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 4 — that's 4 in the outermost shell.

See how electron configuration is built →

Si
Bohr model — outer-shell electrons in blue

About Silicon

Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a tetravalent metalloid, more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table. Controversy about silicon's character dates to its discovery.

Position in the periodic table

Open the interactive periodic table →

Data compiled from Wikipedia, PubChem, and IUPAC. Source.